Lewis Hamilton haluaa ajaa vuoteen 2030 asti.

0. Lewis Hamilton haluaa ajaa vuoteen 2030 asti.

Verbs expressing desire, like haluta (to want), require the next verb to be in the first infinitive, which is the dictionary form ending in -a or -ä. You do not conjugate the second verb, so you say haluaa ajaa (wants to drive) instead of conjugating both. You can apply this pattern to any modal or desire verb, such as haluan syödä (I want to eat) or voit mennä (you can go).

1. Hän haluaa osallistua Afrikan Grand Prix -kilpailuun.

The verb osallistua (to participate) requires its object to be in the illative case, which indicates movement into something. You form the illative by doubling the final vowel and adding an 'n', or just adding 'hVn'/'Vn' depending on the word type. Because you are participating into an event, you must say osallistua kilpailuun rather than using the genitive or partitive case.

2. Rwanda isännöi kilpailua 2030-luvulla.

A partitive object is required by verbs like isännöidä (to host), even when the action is a single, completed event. You use the partitive case to show that the action is ongoing, incomplete, or describes a general state rather than a total result. Therefore, you say isännöi kilpailua (hosts the race) instead of isännöi kilpailun, which would incorrectly imply consuming or finishing the race.

3. Rwanda on tehnyt kymmenen vuoden sopimuksen.

The perfect tense is formed by combining the present tense of the verb olla (to be) with the past active participle of the main verb, which typically ends in -nut or -nyt. You use this structure to describe an action that happened in the past but has a direct connection or result in the present moment. For example, you say on tehnyt (has made) to show that Rwanda made the agreement and it is still valid today.

4. Kilpailu ajetaan uudella radalla Bugeserassa.

The passive voice is used when the doer of the action is unknown, unimportant, or generalized, similar to the English passive. You form the present passive by adding -taan or -tään to the verb stem, and the past passive by adding -ttiin. You use this structure here to say ajetaan (is driven/raced) and ajettiin (was driven/raced) to focus on the race itself rather than the specific drivers.